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AI Governance, Risk, and Regulation Guide

Your company already uses AI in more places than leadership thinks, and now a customer, a regulator, or the board asks what you are obligated to do, what risk you are running, and who answers for it. This guide teaches you to answer with an AI governance program that holds up: which obligations apply (the EU AI Act by risk level and the transparency rules in Article 50, the personal data laws of Mexico, Spain, and Latin America, and the NIST AI RMF and ISO/IEC 42001 frameworks), how to build an inventory of AI uses, classify their risk, write the internal policy, decide who answers for what, control vendors and the data that leaves for third parties, respond to an AI incident, keep the evidence an audit asks for, and answer a B2B customer's questionnaire. You learn it as the CTO of **Clínica Alba Digital**, a digital health company with operations in Mexico and customers in Spain. The largest Spanish customer sent a questionnaire with 31 questions about AI and Alba can answer only 9 with evidence; the inventory finds 12 AI uses where leadership believed there were 4, and in 2026 there were two incidents involving data and clinical notes. Module by module you build the answer: an obligations map, an inventory, a risk register, an AI policy, a governance charter, a vendor register, and an incident and evidence plan, which you present to the board. There is no code to write. The math is done in tables and by hand, and every regulation comes with its source and its cutoff date. The guide is not legal advice: it prepares you to decide and to ask your legal counsel the right questions.